25 Countries Supplied Fuel to Israel During Gaza Massacre

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News Desk: According to a report by the U.S.-based fossil fuel research NGO Oil Change International, 25 countries supplied fuel to Israel during its two-year campaign of mass killings in Gaza. The report reveals that Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and the United States were major suppliers of petroleum while Israel carried out its operations.

The findings were presented at the ‘Behind the Barrel’ session during the United Nations Climate Conference in Brazil on 13 November. Between 1 November 2023 and 1 October 2025, these countries delivered a total of 21.2 million metric tons of crude and refined petroleum products to Israel across 323 shipments, according to AFP.

The report states that the largest crude oil suppliers were Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan, which together accounted for 70% of the total crude supply. Meanwhile, Russia, Greece, and the U.S. were the top suppliers of refined petroleum products.

Oil Change International noted that “the fossil fuel system that drives the climate crisis is also fueling international conflicts and even enabling genocide.” Notably, Turkey supplied 714,6417 tons of crude oil in 61 shipments, followed by Russia with 536,2251 tons across 55 shipments. Additionally, 17 countries delivered nearly 3.3 million tons of refined petroleum in 152 shipments, with 45% coming from Russia.

The United States specifically supplied JP-8 aviation fuel for military planes, delivering 360,000 tons in 9 shipments, highlighting its role in Israel’s military operations.

Shadi Khalil of Oil Change International emphasized that “states have international legal obligations to prevent and punish genocide. By providing military support to Israel, they risk being complicit in the killings.”

Anna Sanchez Mera, coordinator of Global Energy Embargo for Palestine, added that it is impossible to differentiate between civilian or military use of the fuel, calling it “part of a larger imperialist occupation system.”

In a related development, Colombia officially stopped exporting coal to Israel in August 2024, and Brazil last shipped petroleum directly to Israel in March 2024, although union leaders claim indirect shipments may continue via Italy.